| Effects of supplementary irrigation at key growth stages on growth, yield and water use efficiency of broomcorn millet |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.05.20 |
| Key Words: broomcorn millet supplementary irrigation in key growth period dry matter accumulation yield water use efficiency |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | PENG Meiling | Research Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | CAO Hongxia | Research Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | CHEN Yuepu | Shaanxi Chongren Water Conservancy Engineering Co., Ltd., Xi’an, Shaanxi 710000, China | | MA Lina | Yulin Agricultural Technology Service Center, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, China | | DANG Xiaowen | Yulin Agricultural Technology Service Center, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, China | | LIU Jiaxuan | Research Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | REN Liyu | Shaanxi Chongren Water Conservancy Engineering Co., Ltd., Xi’an, Shaanxi 710000, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To study the effects of different supplemental irrigation systems on the growth, yield, and water use efficiency of broomcorn millet under limited irrigation conditions during the critical growth period, fram 2022 to 2023, using ‘Yumi No. 2’ as the research object, field experiments were conducted in Yulin, Shaanxi Province. In the experiment, 50% of the field water capacity (θf) of the 0~20 cm soil layer was taken as the lower irrigation limit, and 70% θf and 90% θf of the 0~20 cm soil layer were designed as the upper irrigation limit, respectively. Two supplemental irrigation periods were set up: supplemental irrigation at the heading stage and supplemental irrigation at the jointing stage + heading stage. Specifically: supplementary irrigation at heading to 70% θf (H70), supplementary irrigation at heading to 90% θf (H90), supplementary irrigation at the jointing to 70% θf+ supplementary irrigation at the heading to 70% θf (J70H70), supplementary irrigation at the jointing to 70% θf + supplementary irrigation at the heading to 90% θf (J70F90), supplemental irrigation at the jointing stage to 90% θf + supplemental irrigation at the heading stage to 70% θf (J90H70), and supplemental irrigation at the jointing stage to 90% θf + supplemental irrigation at the heading stage to 90% θf (J90H90). Non\|mulched rainfed (CK) was used as a control. The effects of different supplemental irrigation periods and amounts on plant height, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and translocation, yield, and water use efficiency of broomcorn millet were studied. The results showed that supplementary irrigation significantly promoted the growth and development of broomcorn millet. The average growth rate of dry matter, spike number, grain number per spike, water use efficiency, and precipitation use efficiency were increased by 7.42%~116.24%, -9.89%~17.93%, 8.9%~70.6%, 19.82%~55.25%, and 32.81%~90.15%, respectively. The rapid growth period was shortened by 1~8 days, and the irrigation water use efficiency and irrigation benefit were reduced by 21.78%~62.11% and 8.48%~73.94%. This study showed that the yield and water use efficiency of H90 were 3 790.41~4 748.99 kg·hm-2and 1.45~1.85 kg·hm-3. Under the condition of supplementary irrigation at the jointing stage + the heading stage, the yield and water use efficiency of J90H70 were the highest (4 067.39~5 373.72 kg·hm-2, 1.59~1.96 kg·hm-3), which were 54.41%~88.73% and 31.20%~55.25% higher than those of CK, respectively. Under the condition of limited irrigation, considering the yield, water use efficiency, and irrigation benefit, J90H70 was the optimal supplementary irrigation scheme for high yield and high efficiency. When the water was supplemented once, the H90 irrigation strategy could achieve the yield increase effect of J70H70 and save the production cost. This study can provide a theoretical basis for promoting the efficient production of water\|saving agriculture in broomcorn millet in arid and semi\|arid areas. |
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