| Effect analysis of water\|potassium interaction on yield and potassium absorption and utilization of greenhouse\|cultivated watermelon in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.06.21 |
| Key Words: greenhouse\|cultivated watermelon potassium fertilizer irrigation amount chlorophyll of leaves fruit trait irrigation water use eficiency yield quality |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | YANG Wanbang | Research Institute of Horticulture of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China
College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | WANG Xiaoyuan | Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Agricultural Technology Extension General Station, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, China | | WEI Zhaohui | Research Institute of Horticulture of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China | | DU Huiying | Research Institute of Horticulture of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China | | TIAN Mei | Research Institute of Horticulture of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China | | GUO Song | Research Institute of Horticulture of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China | | YUE Zhen | Research Institute of Horticulture of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China | | LI Hao | College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | YU Rong | Research Institute of Horticulture of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China |
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| Abstract: |
| This study aimed to screen out the optimal combination of irrigation water volume and potassium fertilizer application amount suitable for watermelons grown in solar greenhouses in Ningxia. The experiment was designed with combinations of the irrigation amount (W1: 1 400 m3·hm-2, W2: 1 800 m3·hm-2, W3: 2 200 m3·hm-2) and the potassium application amount (K0: 0 kg·hm-2, K1: 80 kg·hm-2, K2: 160 kg·hm-2, K3: 240 kg·hm-2), to investigate the effects of water\|potassium interaction on the relative content of chlorophyll, fruit character, quality, yield, irrigation water utilization, nutrient absorption, and fertilizer utilization of watermelon. The results showed that (1) the relative chlorophyll content of watermelon leaves under high water and high potassium treatment was higher. The relative chlorophyll content value of leaves with W3K3 was 49.13 at the vine extension stage, 53.87 at the flowering and fruiting stages, 64.96 at the fruit enlargement stage, and 68.20 at the maturity stage. (2) The quality of watermelon under W2K3, W3K2, and W3K3 treatments was better than that of other treatments. The soluble solids content in the central part increased by 0.85~0.94 percentage points, 0.76~0.85 percentage points, and 0.89~0.98 percentage points, respectively, compared with the W1K0, W1K1, and W2K0 treatments. (3) The effect of irrigation water utilization under W1K3 treatment was the best, which was significantly different from that of other treatments except W1K2, with an increase ranging from 5.47% to 53.78%. The yield of watermelon increased significantly under W3K1, W3K2, and W3K3 treatments, and the yields reached 73 309.70 kg·hm-2, 73 906.42 kg·hm-2, and 73 975.70 kg·hm-2, respectively, which were significantly different from those of W1K0, W1K1, W1K2, W2K0, and W2K1 treatments, and the increases were 5.18%~7.47%, 6.04%~8.34% and 6.14%~8.45%, respectively. (4) The best potassium absorption effect was found in the W3K3 treatment. The potassium content in the plants, the potassium accumulation in the plants, the potassium content in the fruits, the potassium accumulation in the fruits, and the total potassium accumulation all reached the highest levels under the W3K3 treatment, with increases ranging from 5.47% to 32.47%, 7.02% to 54.76%, 4.55% to 27.93%, 4.63% to 38.73%, and 6.12% to 48.36%, respectively. (5) W3K2 and W3K3 treatments were conducive to the utilization of potassium fertilizer. The potassium fertilizer utilization rate in the current season was the highest under the W3K2 treatment (15.71%), followed by the W3K3 treatment (15.42%). (6) The utilization rate of potassium fertilizer in the current season is significantly positively correlated with indicators such as quality, yield, and potassium accumulation, except for the total acid index. In conclusion, irrigating with 2 200 m3·hm-2 water, combined with applying 80 kg·hm-2 and 240 kg·hm-2 of potassium fertilizer, respectively, can help increase photosynthesis in greenhouse\|cultivated watermelons, promote nutrient absorption and fertilizer utilization, improve fruit quality, and increase the yield of watermelons. |
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