| Effects of slow\|release nitrogen fertilizer with urea on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.01.09 |
| Key Words: slow\|release fertilizer winter wheat yield nitrogen accumulation nitrogen use efficiency |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | DU Luning | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in Northwest Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Water\|saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LI Wenjing | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in Northwest Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Water\|saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | WANG Xiaoling | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in Northwest Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Water\|saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | QIAN Rui | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in Northwest Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Water\|saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | CHEN Xiaoli | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in Northwest Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Water\|saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | JIA Zhikuan | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in Northwest Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Water\|saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | CAI Tie | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in Northwest Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Water\|saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | REN Xiaolong | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Farming in Northwest Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Water\|saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China,Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| A two\|factor randomized block design was conducted in the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 seasons. Factor A comprised two nitrogen fertilizer types: urea (U) and slow\|release fertilizer\|urea 7∶3 (CU). Factor B comprised five nitrogen application rates: 0 kg·hm-2 (N0, no nitrogen application control), 75 kg·hm-2 (N75), 150 kg·hm-2 (N150), 225 kg·hm-2 (N225), and 300 kg·hm-2 (N300, traditional N application rate). A total of nine treatments were established to systematically analyze the effects of slow\|release fertilizer\|urea combination application under reduced nitrogen fertilizer rates on winter wheat growth and development, dry matter accumulation, yield, and nitrogen uptake and utilization. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing nitrogen fertilizer application technology in arid farming areas of Northwest China. The results showed that, based on the traditional N application rate of 300 kg·hm-2 and the conventional N application mode (single application of urea), the moderate N reduction to 225 kg·hm-2and the combination of slow\|release fertilizer\|urea fertilization strategy were conducive to promoting the growth and development of winter wheat, and at the same time, significantly improved its yield and nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency. Compared with the N300-U treatment, the N225-CU treatment increased leaf area index, nitrogen accumulation at maturity, yield and economic benefits of maize by 2.49% to 19.25%, 12.55% to 20.22%, 10.26% to 11.50% and 16.82% to 19.10%, respectively. Compared with the single\|applied urea N225-U, the combined treatment N225-CU showed higher performance in terms of spikes per hectare, number of grains in spikes, and 1000-grain weight, with the yield increased by 9.13% to 9.21%. The N225-CU treatment significantly enhanced nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency in winter wheat. Compared to the N225-U treatment, its nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, and nitrogen recovery efficiency increased by 19.27%, 20.41%, and 28.82% on average, respectively. In summary, for nitrogen fertilizer management in rain\|fed winter wheat, moderately reducing nitrogen fertilizer application to 225 kg·hm-2 while adopting a 7∶3 slow\|release fertilizer\|urea application ratio holds significant importance for achieving nitrogen reduction and yield increase in winter wheat within semi\|humid and semi\|arid regions. |
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