| Effects of tillage practices and biochar amendment on soil organic carbon fractions and crop yield in a desert oasis farmland |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.01.19 |
| Key Words: tillage methods biochar application soil organic carbon fractions soil physical properties maize yield desert oasis |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | NIU Ying | College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | YANG Caihong | College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | CHENG Shengyu | College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China |
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| Abstract: |
| This study was based on a 10-year long\|term field experiment conducted on warp\|irrigated desert oasis soil in Minqin. It systematically analyzed the synergistic effects of different tillage practices and biochar amendment on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, its fractions, and crop yield. The experimental design included four tillage methods — no\|till (TN), minimal tillage (TM), deep tillage (TF), and subsoiling (TS) — and four biochar application rates (0, 5, 10 t·hm-2, and 15 t·hm-2), resulting in 16 treatments. Key measurements included soil physical properties (bulk density, porosity), SOC content and its fractions (particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC)), as well as maize yield. The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for improving tillage systems and carbon management practices for arid region farmland. The results showed that: (1) Across different soil layers, SOC content and all its measured fractions (SOC, POC, DOC, and MBC) decreased with increasing soil depth but increased with higher biochar application rates. (2) The combined application of tillage and biochar improved soil physical structure, manifested by reduced bulk density and increased total porosity. The most significant improvement was observed under the TS+15 t·hm-2 treatment, which decreased bulk density by 20.01% and increased total porosity by 9.49%,compared with TS+0 t·hm-2 treatment. (3) In the 0-20 cm layer, the TF+15 t·hm-2 treatment most significantly enhanced SOC, SOCs, and POC, showing increases of 63.05%, 36.74%, and 154.14%, respectively, compared to TF+0 t·hm-2 treatment. In contrast, the TS+15 t·hm-2 treatment was most effective in promoting DOC and MBC. In the 20-40 cm layer, the TS+15 t·hm-2 treatment favored the accumulation of SOC and DOC, while the TM+15 t·hm-2 treatment was more conducive to the formation of POC and MBC. (4) Maize yield increased by 43.23% under the TS+15 t·hm-2 treatment compared to TS+0 t·hm-2. In conclusion, the combination of subsoiling with a biochar application rate of 15 t·hm-2 not only improves soil fertility and active organic carbon components in the desert oasis region, but also ensures high and quality maize production. |
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