| Effects of different mulching films on the growth of spring maize and weed control |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.01.24 |
| Key Words: spring maize black plastic film soil moisture and temperature nitrogen use efficiency weeds control yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LIU Lixia | Institute of Eco\|environment and Industrial Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
Soil Health Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | LIANG Zheming | Institute of Eco\|environment and Industrial Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
Soil Health Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | YANG Zhiping | Institute of Eco\|environment and Industrial Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
Soil Health Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | YUE Shanchao | Institute of Eco\|environment and Industrial Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
Soil Health Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | BAI Ju | Institute of Eco\|environment and Industrial Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
Soil Health Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China | | WANG Yongliang | Institute of Eco\|environment and Industrial Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
Soil Health Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Based on a three\|year field experiment, three treatments of no mulching (NM), black plastic film mulching (BM), and white plastic film mulching (WM) were conducted to analyze the soil hydrothermal dynamics, the growth of weeds in the field, and changes in the physiological characteristics of spring maize, and to determine the yield, the water use efficiency, and the nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize. The results showed that compared with NM, BM and WM could significantly increase topsoil temperature and moisture content during the early maize growth stages. During summer high\|temperature periods, the BM treatment reduced the average daily temperature of the 0-15 cm soil depth by 0.5-2.1℃ compared to WM. The biomass and nitrogen uptake by weeds in the field were in the order NM>WM>BM. At the maturity stage, compared with NM, WM treatment significantly reduced weeds dry mass by 67.70% and weeds nitrogen uptake by 53.24%, while BM treatment was more effective in weed suppression and significantly reduced them by 93.28% and 91.96%, respectively. The three\|year average yields of NM, BM and WM were 10.36, 12.97 t·hm-2, and 12.32 t·hm-2, respectively. Compared to NM, BM and WM increased water use efficiency by 35.05% and 29.98%, enhanced plants nitrogen uptake of maturity stage by 19.49% and 15.28%, improved partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer by 25.31% and 18.91%, respectively. Under film mulching, the ratio of weeds nitrogen uptake to aboveground maize nitrogen uptake decreased to 1.76% (BM) and 9.40% (WM), compared to 21.05% in NM. Both black and white mulching films enhanced soil temperature, reduced soil water evaporation, and improved maize yield and resource use efficiency. Compared with white film, black film could more effectively mitigate excessive soil temperature during summer, thereby providing a more favorable thermal environment for maize growth. Moreover, the black mulching film exerted a more significant inhibition effect on weeds, reducing the competition intensity of weeds for nutrients and increasing production. Taking into account the effects of heat preservation and and soil moisture retention, yield improvement potential, and ecological benefits, black plastic film mulching could effectively promote agricultural green development for maize production systems in the Loess Plateau region. |
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