| Effects of limited irrigation combined with biochar amendment on water use efficiency and yield of spring wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.02.06 |
| Key Words: spring wheat limited irrigation biochar water use efficiency yield entropy weighted TOPSIS evaluation |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Zi | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | YANG Weijun | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | CHEN Sitong | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | ZHANG Liyue | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | YE Xiaohua | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | ZHANG Shufang | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | XI Ningju | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | LI Qin | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China | | LI Xinrui | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the comprehensive effects of biochar application on water use efficiency and yield of spring wheat under limited irrigation conditions, a split\|plot experiment was conducted in the farmland of the irrigation area in northern Xinjiang. Two irrigation levels \[4 500 m3·hm-2 (W0), 4 050 m3·hm-2 (W1)\] and three biochar application levels \[0 t·hm-2 (B0), 10 t·hm-2 (B1), and 20 t·hm-2 (B2)\] were set to analyze the differences in growth, water use efficiency, and yield of spring wheat under different treatments. The entropy weighted TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the comprehensive effect of the best ratio selection of spring wheat growth, water use efficiency, and yield. The results showed that the application of biochar under limited irrigation had significant effects on grain filling, water use efficiency, and yield of spring wheat (P<0.05). Under the condition of an irrigation amount of 4 050 m3·hm-2 (W1), the water use efficiency of spring wheat increased gradually with the application of biochar, and each treatment was higher than the irrigation amount of the 4 500 m3·hm-2 (W1) treatment, and the water use efficiency reached the maximum in the W1B2 treatment, which increased by 14.51% to 46.78% compared with the W1B0 and W1B1 treatments. Under the conditions of W0 and W1, the yield of spring wheat increased gradually with the application of biochar, and the effective panicle number, 1000\|grain weight, and yield of spring wheat were the largest in the W1B2 treatment, which increased by 39.28%, 37.77%, and 69.51%, respectively, compared with the W0B0 treatment. The grain number per spike of spring wheat was the largest under the W1B1 treatment, which was 19.35% higher than that under the W0B0 treatment. The entropy weighted TOPSIS evaluation analysis showed that the comprehensive performance of spring wheat was better than other treatments when the irrigation amount was 4 050 m3·hm-2 and the biochar application amount was 10 t·hm-2. Under the treatment of limited irrigation combined with a high amount of biochar (W1B2), the water use efficiency (2.31 kg·m-3) and yield (9 571.71 kg·hm-2) of spring wheat reached the highest. The results can provide data support for achieving the goal of high yield of spring wheat under water\|saving irrigation in the northern Xinjiang irrigation area. |
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