| Thermal effect of film mulching and its influence on the growth and yield of winter wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.02.11 |
| Key Words: winter wheat mulch film color canopy net radiation soil heat flux yield water use efficiency |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHANG Wenmin | Henan Water Environment Survey & Design Co., Ltd., Sanmenxia, Henan 472000, China | | ZHAO Zongrui | Henan Water Environment Survey & Design Co., Ltd., Sanmenxia, Henan 472000, China | | HU Zuolong | Henan Water Environment Survey & Design Co., Ltd., Sanmenxia, Henan 472000, China | | ZHENG Xiaobo | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | GU Xiaobo | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | CAI Huanjie | Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Field experiment were conducted in Yangling, Shaanxi, from October 2021 to June 2022 (normal precipitation season) and from October 2022 to June 2023 (wet season). Three treatments were established: transparent plastic film mulch (WF), black plastic film mulch (BF), and no mulch (CK). The research aimed to investigate the effects of different colored film mulching on net radiation, soil heat flux, soil temperature, leaf area index, above\|ground dry matter, yield, and water use efficiency in winter wheat fields. The results showed that the cumulative net radiation and cumulative soil heat flux were minimum in the treatment of WF. The cumulative canopy net radiation under WF was decreased by 4.9%-5.4% compared to BF, and there was no significant difference compared to CK. The cumulative soil heat flux under WF was significantly decreased by 16.5%-104.1% compared to BF and 99.2%-122.7% compared to CK (P<0.05). Film mulching increased soil temperature by 0.4-2.8℃ at 5-10 cm soil depths of winter wheat during the seedling and overwintering stages, but WF treatment decreased soil temperature by 0.9-2.8℃ at a depth of 20-25 cm after the regreening stage. Film mulching improved the leaf area index and above\|ground dry matter. The evapotranspiration of film mulching in 2021-2022 was less than that of non\|mulching treatment, and the evapotranspiration of WF treatment was 4.4% significantly lower than that of BF treatment (P<0.05), while film mulching significantly increased the evapotranspiration of winter wheat in 2022-2023 (P<0.05). Compared with CK, the yield and water use efficiency of film mulching treatment increased by 10.3% and 8.9%, respectively (P<0.05), while the water use efficiency of WF treatment was 5.4% significantly greater than that of BF treatment in 2021-2022 (P<0.05). In summary, film mulching could improve the thermal environment for winter wheat, promote the growth of winter wheat, and increase the yield and water use efficiency. The evapotranspiration of film mulching was decreased in the normal season and increased in the wet season, and the effect of transparent film mulching on improving water use efficiency and reducing evapotranspiration in the normal season was better than that of black film mulching. Therefore, white transparent film mulching is recommended as a high\|yield and high\|efficiency cultivation practice for winter wheat in the arid regions of Northwest China, especially during normal rainfall seasons. |
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