| Effects of reduced potassium sulfate with potassium humate and magnesium sulfate under the same nitrogen application conditions on soil physicochemical properties and kidney bean yield |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.03.13 |
| Key Words: kidney bean potassium humate magnesium sulfate reduced potassium sulfate equal nitrogen application soil physical and chemical properties |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | KONG Deyong | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | XING Liwen | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | YU Yang | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | CHI Shenglong | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | Yan Peiqi | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | KONG Lingjie | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | Guo Wei | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | SUN Haiyan | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
Key Laboratory of Low\|Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China. Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China |
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| Abstract: |
| A field trial was conducted using the kidney bean variety ‘Baishak’ as the test material. The trial was set up under the same nitrogen application conditions with five treatments, respectively: (CF: Full application of K2SO4; DFMg1: 15% reduction of K2SO4 dosage and replacement with equal mass of MgSO4; DFMg2: reduce the K2SO4 dosage by 25% and replace it with an equal mass of MgSO4; DFH1: reduce the K2SO4 dosage by 15% and replace it with an equal amount of potassium humate; DFH2: reduce the K2SO4 dosage by 25% and replace it with an equal amount of potassium humate). The effects of replacing K2SO4 with potassium humate and MgSO4 on soil bulk density, changes in soil aggregates, and soil enzyme activities, and the relationship between soil changes and plant yield components were analyzed. The results of the field trial from 2021 to 2022 showed that reducing potassium sulfate with potassium humate and magnesium sulfate decreased soil bulk weight at harvest in kidney beans. The soil bulk weight of the DFH1 treatment in 2021 and 2022 was 4.6% (0.07 g·cm-3) and 7.1% (0.10 g·cm-3) lower than that of the control, respectively. Meanwhile, reducing potassium sulfate with potassium humate and magnesium sulfate altered the mean weight diameter of soil aggregates, which increased significantly by 22.3% and 13.4% in the DFH1 treatment over two years, respectively. Compared with other treatments, the percentage of soil aggregate in the DFMg1 treatment increased the most, and each particle size increased significantly by 50.5%-158.6% and 49.0%-139.4%. Reducing potassium sulfate with potassium humate and magnesium sulfate significantly increased the soil enzyme activities during the growth period of kidney beans. Among them, the effect of potassium humate application was better. In the two\|year trial, the phosphatase activity was significantly increased compared with the CF treatment, with an increase of 14.7%-24.7% and 14.7%-19.3%, respectively. The increase of sucrase was 14.0%-33.6% and 16.4%-25.8%, the increase of urease was 10.0%-25.9% and 6.5%-12.8%, and the increase of protease was 19.8%-31.3% and 9.6%-28.5%. Magnesium sulfate had a better effect on soil protease activity, which increased by 13.8%-35.9% and 12.4%-27.0%, respectively, in two years. The application of potassium humate significantly increased the number of pods per plant of kidney beans in 2021 and 2022 compared to CF treatment, with an increase of 12.2% and 16.4%, respectively. The number of grains per plant increased by 15.3% and 11.8%, respectively, and the 100-grain weight increased by 4.4% and 9.2%, respectively, which significantly increased the yield per plant by 10.6% and 11.5% compared to the CF treatment. In conclusion, reducing potassium sulfate application while appropriately applying potassium humate and magnesium sulfate in field cultivation can improve soil physical and chemical properties, thereby increasing the yield of kidney beans. Among all treatments, the treatment with a 15% reduction in potassium sulfate rate combined with potassium humate at an equivalent potassium rate (DFH1) exhibited the best effect. |
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