| Compatibility between grape varieties and training systems and their effects on fruit quality under protected cultivation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.04.14 |
| Key Words: grape varieties training system compatibility phenological period fruit quality the estern foot of the Helan Mountains |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHU Juanjuan | College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
Ningxia Grape & Wine Innovation Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | YAN Jianing | College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | MA Haijun | College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
Ningxia Grape & Wine Innovation Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | SHI Lei | College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | QI Wenkai | College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China | | ZHAO Haohao | College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To determine the optimal training systems for the premium table grape varieties ‘Australia seedless’ and ‘Nina Queen’ under solar greenhouse conditions in the Yinchuan region at the eastern foot of the Helan Mountains, Ningxia, three training systems, including T-shaped arbour, T-shaped hedgerow, and H-shaped hedgerow, were established to systematically investigate their effects on the phenology and fruit quality of both varieties. The results showed that the regulation of grape phenological progression by training systems exhibited significant cultivar specificity. The T-shaped arbour system advanced the fruit ripening stage of ‘Australia seedless’ by 1-2 days compared to the other systems, whereas the T-shaped hedgerow trellis led to earlier budbreak and a shorter fruit ripening period in ‘Nina Queen’. In the inter-cultivar comparison, the total sugar content and skin lightness of ‘Australia seedless’ were significantly higher than those of ‘Nina Queen’ by 3.55% and 8.64%, respectively; conversely, the pH value, total phenolic, flavonoids, and anthocyanin contents, and peel toughness were significantly lower by 11.08%, 9.79%, 4.57%, 30.60%, and 31.74%, respectively. Additionally, cultivar and training system had a significant interaction effect on fruit quality indicators. Different training systems selectively optimized specific grape quality parameters. For ‘Australian seedless’, under the T-shaped arbour treatment, the fruit titratable acid content, soluble solids content, total sugar content, anthocyanin content, and a* value (redness) were the highest, which were, respectively, 10.3% and 8.2%, 16.4% and 12.1%, 15.0% and 9.8%, 140.4% and 107.0%, and 19.2% and 68.3% higher than those under the T-shaped hedgerow and the H-shaped hedgerowe. Under the T-shaped hedgerow treatment, the total phenolic and flavonoids contents, L*, C* (chroma), and H° (hue angle) values, and fruit hardness were the highest, which were, respectively, 23.1% and 35.4%, 28.2% and 46.2%, 16.3% and 1.18%, 0.61% and 32.9%, 156.3% and 28.5%, and 86.7% and 11.9% higher than those under the T-shaped arbour and H-shaped hedgerow. Under the H-shaped hedgerow treatment, the fruit pH value and peel toughness were the highest, which were, respectively, 15.5% and 21.7%, and 101.0% and 14.7% higher than those under the T-shaped arbour and T-shaped hedgerow. For ‘Nina Queen’, under the T-shaped arbour treatment, the fruit titratable acid, soluble solids, total sugar, total phenolic, and flavonoid contents, as well as pH value, a*, and C* were all the highest, which were, respectively, 12.7% and 3.1%, 24.8% and 6.8%, 19.3% and 4.4%, 5.6% and 4.3%, 6.4% and 7.3%, 4.4% and 14.6%, 204.4% and 37.1%, and 46.0% and 33.8% higher than those under the T-shaped hedgerow and the H-shaped hedgerow. Under the T-shaped hedgerow treatment, the fruit sugar-acid ratio was the lowest at only 54.8, while the L*, b* (yellowness), and H° were the highest, reaching 38.35, 5.64, and 66.02, respectively, and the peel toughness was optimal, which was 48.7% and 22.0% higher than that under the T-shaped arbour and the H-shaped hedgerow. Under the H-shaped hedgerow treatment, the fruit anthocyanin content was the highest, which was 127.5% and 121.3% higher than that under the T-shaped arbour and the T-shaped hedgerow, respectively. Based on the grey relational analysis, ‘Australia seedless’ achieved the highest comprehensive score (0.648) under the T-shaped hedgerow, which synergistically improved the antioxidant content and fruit hardness. Meanwhile, ‘Nina Queen’ obtained the highest comprehensive score (0.627) under the T-shaped arbour, a system that facilitated sugar and acid accumulation as well as color optimization. In conclusion, for solar greenhouse cultivation in the Yinchuan region at the eastern foot of the Helan Mountains, Ningxia, the T-shaped hedgerow is recommended preliminarily as the optimal training system for ‘Australia seedless’, while the T-shaped arbour is optimal for ‘Nina Queen’. |
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